Somatic+Cell+Nuclear+Transfer+5-6

__JamaFrrato Labs __

Company Overview Anthony Nicchi (CEO) created the lab company JamaFrrato Inc. in 2003, its first  branch starting in his hometown of Niskayuna, NY. JamaFrrato specializes in cloning pure bred racehorses to sell for racing needs worldwide. We have  perfected the process of cloning the ideal racehorse containing genes that guarantee speed, stamina, lineage and elegance. However, we also offer the option to clone a  horse of the client’s preference, ensuring the best service in the somatic cell industry.



Company Background Anthony Nicchi (CEO) graduated from Niskayuna High School in 1992 as class valedictorian and went to Cornell University to major in Biology. He later on returned to Cornell University tocomplete his PhD on somatic cell research.  His main focus was on the cloning of horses, as Anthony spent years studying various horses at the world-class Saratoga racetrack near his hometown of <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">Niskayuna to examine for the best traits of winning racehorses. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">He has 7 years <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">experience with somatic cell research. (at right, Anthony and a few coworkers)

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 14pt;">How does JamaFrrato work? <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">JamaFrrato Labs is based upon the technology of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">In Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, the DNA found in an organism’s somatic cell <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">(a body cell other than a sperm or egg cell) is extracted (a process called enucleation) <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">and the rest of the cell thrown out. At the same time, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed, leaving just the empty cell. The <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">nucleus of the somatic cell is then inserted <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">into the enucleated egg cell. This allows for the cell to now grow according to the directions provided by the <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">new nucleus, which in this case would allow for the cell to grow and multiply <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;"> into a superior horse identical to the horse that the nucleus is harvested from.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 14pt;">History of the Technology <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer is the technology behind JamaFrrato. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">The first successful cloning with this process was with Dolly the Sheep <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">in 1996, created <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">by scientists working at the Roslin Institute in Scotland. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;"> The first equid was cloned by this process in 2003 by researchers at <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">University of Idaho and Utah State University, which was a mule named <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">Idaho Gem. The first horse was cloned in 2003 by Italian researchers,which <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;"> was named Promotea.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 14pt;">Current Uses <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">There are many current applications of somatic cell nuclear transfer. One use is <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;"> farm animal cloning, as one could in theory create many clones of one superior <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">farm animal. Cloning would most likely be limited to cattle and pigs because these <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">species are the ones where the benefits would outweigh costs. Another is the <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">production of human proteins which are in great demand for the treatment of <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">a variety of diseases, which otherwise are very expensive to harvest. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Xenotransplantation is another application of somatic cell nuclear transfer. <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;"> As there is a chronic shortage of organs, many patients who require transplantation <span style="font-family: Cambria,serif; font-size: 14pt;">use genetically modified pigs as an organ source.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 14pt;">Future Uses <span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> <span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Today, our focus is simply on cloning horses for the personal and private clients. <span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> However, in the future we hope to expand our research and eventually be able to <span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> clone farm animals for sell. We would be able to provide farms all over the world <span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 14pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> with the ideal farm animal which would be suited for natural growth and produce good profit. We would be able to significantly reduce disease and create animals that are guaranteed to produce exceptionally.



(at left, a cell going through the process of eunucleation)

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 19px; line-height: 27px;">Works Cited:

Animal Research. April 2007. The Roslin Institute. December 22, 2010 <<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[] >

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">"Cattle". Available: [].

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">"Dolly and Her Clones". Available: [|http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/8169817/Dolly-the-Sheep-reborn-as-four-new-clones-created.ht]

Genetic Science Learning Center. "What is Cloning?." Learn.Genetics 22 December 2010 <<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[] >

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Javma News. 1 August 2003. American Veterinary Medical Association. December 22, 2010 < [] >

"Racehorse". Available: [].

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> ScienceDaily. 19 October 2009. Theraflu. December 22, 2010 < [] >

"Xenotransplantation Cartoon". Available: [|http://www.undoge.org/?p=2]7[|ml].

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Copyright James O'Rourke, Tony Nicchi, Raffi Moroukian, Malavika Nai r