Recombinant+DNA+Technology+1-2

=**//__Charles Rolland & Partner__////__s__//** =

Doctor Charles Rolland, a graduate of both Harvard and Stanford universities funded and created **Charles Rolland & Partners**. Dr. Charles Rolland and his Fiancé enjoy the essence and beauty of objects that have the serenity of glowing lights. Charles’ soon to be husband was the inspiration of funding this company. Dr. Charles Rolland hired a few other female experts in Recombinant DNA technology to help achieve the goals in research in this field and make this topic well known. The main objective of **Charles Rolland & Partners** is to take ordinary organisms in the everyday world and genetically modify them to make them least ordinary in their own way possible. Since the 1990’s our Company has been researching and combining DNA from the genes of different organisms to change them in way that used to be thought of as impossible. The main matter that **Charles Rolland & Partners** focuses on is genetically engineering animals like jellyfish and snails. The goal is that our company will continue to genetically modify different animals to make them glow, such as rabbits, snakes, and fish. Doctor Charles Rolland's life goal has been to have the knowledge to one day make him self glow, this will eliminate his fear of being in the dark.
 * __ Summary of Company __**


 * __ Who are We __**

Hello, I am Dr. Charles Rolland and I am the founder and head executive researcher for the Charles Roland & Partners recombinant DNA research group. In the 1990’s my life partner inspired me to invest and dedicate my knowledge and abilities to the use of Recombinant DNA technology so I looked into and I decided to follow his inspiration and invest in Recombinant DNA technology. In order to be most successful in this research venture I had to hire a few associates to assist in my efforts to advance the use of recombinant DNA technology. The first member I brought to my team is a female scholar from the science research institute of Princeton, Dr. Gabriella Litz. Gabriella has been studying the works of DNA since her years in college and has perfected the art of handling and working with DNA. Gabriella is a light and fluffy member of the team who always brings a bit of joy and lift up to each of us and her work with DNA is truly supreme. The next person I brought onto my team is my life partner’s sister Mayrisha Jones. She works as our research center secretary and she runs simple errands and assists us around the research center. She came to us after she was released from prison because she and her wife were low on money so my life partner asked me to help her out with a job and I was happy to do so. Although she is a bit rough around the edges and tends to be a little violent, she provides a great deal of help around our workplace and is good to have around in case of a break in or robbery. The third member of our team is professor from the college of Harvard and she participates in DNA studying at the Harvard Science Research Institute. Her name is Agnus Kalm and although her age has made her a bit stiff and bitter she is a valid member of our team due to her great knowledge of DNA and DNA research. Agnus has brought great success to many of our experiments. Charles Rolland

Recombinant DNA technology or rDNA is a field of molecular biology where scientists “edit” DNA strands to form new synthetic molecules. You could simply say that it is a process which combines DNA from the genes of different organisms. This process began in the 1970’s. In 1972, there was collaboration between Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer. This collaboration was a milestone in the development of recombinant DNA. The first company to work with rDNA in its drug development labs was funded by Genentech in 1976. However in 1978, scientists were host of other drugs have been developed able to replicate Somatostatin, the protein that regulates human growth hormones.This includes Herceptin and Epogen. There are many things to know about recombinant DNA. There are these things called the restriction enzymes which are proteins that cut DNA at a specific base pairs. A carrier of genetic material is called a vector. What we call the sticky ends are simply the ends of the DNA fragment. Finally, the DNA ligase works just like glue. However, it is really described as an enzyme that is used to join the sticky ends together. Recombinant DNA is used for many things such as weed control, insect resistance, oil clean-up, milk stimulating hormone. They also lead to better crops, recombinant vaccines, the prevention and cure of sickle cell anemia, the production of clotting factors, and many more. Recombinant DNA is also used for gene therapy in humans. There are too types of this, hemophilia and lactose intolerance. Hemophilia is the inability to make a blood clotting protein. Lactose intolerance is the lack of the lactase enzyme, so one can’t break down lactose (milk).
 * __ History __**

There are many things that recombinant DNA technology is used for. Most of these uses are being used today. These include medicine, gene therapy, agriculture, bioplastics, introducing genes for diseases, manufacturing bacteria and much more. With this new technology, we can make better medicine, possibly cure different diseases, and use bacteria for other things. There a lot more possibilities that are going to become open to us with this research.
 * __ Current Uses __**

Recombinant DNA technology is combining the genes from different organisms. It uses restriction enzymes that are proteins to cut the DNA at specific base pairs. A vector is what carries the genetic material, and then the sticky ends of the DNA help the genes stick together at the matching base pairs. DNA ligase is the enzyme that is used to join the sticky ends together. The ultimate goal of Recombinant DNA technology is to take DNA and combine it with another strand of DNA making new DNA that forms a new organism. There are three types of ways to make Recombinant DNA. One way is transformation. There are certain steps involved with transformation. The first step is to pick a DNA strand to be inserted into the vector. Then you must cut the DNA with restriction enzymes and then ligate the DNA insert into the vector with DNA Ligase. The vector is then inserted into a host cell. This is the process on transformation. Different vectors have different properties to make them suitable to different applications. Some properties can include symmetrical cloning sites, size, and high copy number. The next type of Recombinant DNA processing is Non- Bacterial Transformation. The only difference between Non- Bacterial Transformation and Transformation is that Non-Bacterial Transformation does not use bacteria such as E-Coli for the host cell. The last type of making Recombinant DNA is Phage Introduction. This is a process of transfection which is almost the same as Transformation, except phage is used instead of bacteria. Recombinant DNA works when the host cell expresses protein from the recombinant genes. This protein expression is dependent on the gene being surrounded by a collection of signals of signals which provide instructions for the transcription and translation of the gene by the cell. Recombining the DNA of animal cells is much more difficult than recombining bacterial DNA because it needs a strong and solid support surface. Animal cells have complex growth needs.
 * __ Science of Recombinant DNA Technology __**

Recombinant DNA Technology Process

In the future Charles Rolland & Partners will keep researching Recombinant DNA until the point in time where our company reaches Dr. Charles Rolland’s life goal. We will work more to the point where we can control the color of the glow. As well as reaching towards Dr. Charles Rolland’s goal, we will also work towards genetically modifying many different species of animals and other organisms to make them glow of different colors as well. While making different organisms glow is the main focus of Charles Rolland & Partners we also work towards many other goals as a company. We hope by using Recombinant DNA we can solve many other problems in the world. Recombinant DNA can be used to cure diseases and make better medicine. This could be used for curing many severe diseases that are around today and we can work to eliminate them in the future. We can also work toward solving many agricultural problems in the future by genetically modifying DNA in plants. There are many things that Recombinant DNA could be used for in the future.
 * __Future Uses: __**

Glowing Rabbit Glowing Jellyfish
 * __ Images __**

Glowing Jellyfish

__** Resources **__

Glowing Jellyfish picture. Web December 23, 2010. < [|http://t1.gstatic.com/images? q=tbn:ANd9GcRFsEOdl24o6r1DTl5buBJxOkk8ZHGCPLEyOuLWim2A5fwAJrYvNw] >.

Glowing Jellyfish picture.Web December 23, 2010. < [] >

Glowing Rabbit picture. Web December 23, 2010. <[] >.

 Kuure-Kinsey, Matthew and McCooey, Beth. The basics of Recombinant DNA Rpi.edu. 2000 Web December 23, 2010. []

“Recombinant DNA Technology.” FierceBiotech. 2010 []

Recombinant DNA Technology picture. Web December 23, 2010. < [] >.

Recombinant DNA Technology Scientist picture. Web December 23, 2010. <[] >.

“The Uses of Recombinant DNA.” eHow.com. 1999-2010. []