Somatic+Cell+Nuclear+Transfer+3-4

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**SCNT Corp.**

CEO- Chi-Chi Bontwine, Undergraduate major in Genetic Engineering, at Snitzleburg Community College, Post- doctoral Studies of Biotechnology at the Roche Institute of Molecular Biology in Frosteltoe, Utah. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer has come a long way in the process since the first time Briggs and King cloned tadpoles in 1952. Since this technology has been discovered the greatest achievement was in 1996 when a sheep was successfully cloned. The sheep’s name was Dolly and at the time it was one of the greatest scientific achievements. Although it took almost twenty trials to create Dolly, it was significant in knowing that it could eventually be done. Other animals include mice and cows cloned in 1998 and pigs cloned in 2000. In less than 60 years we have come a long way in this technology.

**Science behind SCNT corp.**

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is the first step in perfecting reproductive cloning. The basic idea of this process is to take the genetic material of a donor and eunucleate or remove this from the cell. Then take an egg donor and remove the nucleus from the egg. Then take the genetic material from donor one and combine it into the egg from donor two. Once the genetic material and the egg are together the new somatic cell needs to be treated with chemicals in order start the somatic cell in the reproducing process so there becomes more of the cell. Using mitotic divisions the cell will grow inside a surrogate. Once the child is born the child will look like the donor of the genetic material. Yet the child is still young the two people are as identical as identical twins. The amount of trials it takes to prefect this is still not where we would like it to be at. It will still be awhile until we are comfortable enough where we could try this on humans.



**Current uses of Somatic Nuclear Transfer**

-Therapeutic cloning from a recent study has shown that the Parkinson’s disease in the mice can be treated. The skin cells from a mouse’s tail was able to customize the missing neurons that occur in Parkinson’s disease. The mice that received these neurons from the stem cells showed neurological improvement. If the stem cells that were grafted onto the recipient mice were not a genetic match, the cell died and the mice didn’t improve.

-There is current progress on nuclear transfer. They are differentiating embryonic stem cells into helpful treatment to cure the diseases of the animal cloning. They use the genetic modification after the cloning to prevent bad actions to occur. The Endangered breed and the species preservation might be put in there whole research of cloning techniques. There transgenic research is currently being worked on and evaluated. Last year they cloned piglets and farm animals with certain genetic changes.

-The transfer of the mouse embryonic stem cell was used for the genetic modification to a whole animal. This process that happened a few years ago made people extend there thoughts on other animals like live stock, and mammalian species. There further research have brought them to producing proteins to human therapy. One of there processes are Gene Targeting. This method of genetic manipulation is a hard process they are trying to get at. The scientists only achieved the lab in mice but they are trying to make this process work in mammals.

**Future Uses**

[[image:cloning_2.gif]]
For future uses of this technology we could test this on humans. We would take a cell from a participating families loved one and a cell from another participating human and eunucleate them then put the nucleus from the loved one and put it into the cell of the other human and then place the new cell in an unfertilized egg of a participating female wait nine months and there would be a new baby loved one. If this technology is successful our company could bring back loved ones of families. Using this technology we could bring back political greats like George Washington, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Teddy Roosevelt, Jimmy Carter, Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King Jr. We could also bring back Walt Disney. It is difficult to find enough DNA of these people to recreate one of them. Most of their DNA, if found wouldn’t be protected enough and there wouldn’t be enough of it. **References**

 **---** “Animal Cloning.” **Endanimalcloning.org** 23 december 2010 < http://www.endanimalcloning.org/faq.shtml>. **---** ”Life Science” at University of Michigan Research **.**  **---** Parkinson's Disease In Mice. // ScienceDaily //. Retrieved December 21, 2010, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2008/03/080323210229.htm

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; line-height: 0.43in; margin-bottom: 0in;"> **---** "Production of Gene-Targeted Sheep by Nuclear Transfer from Cultured Somatic Cells" K. J. McCreath, J. Howcroft, K. H. S. Campbell*, A. Colman, A. E. Schnieke & A.J. Kind  // Nature // 405, 1066 - 1069 (2000) June 29, 2000

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> **---** “reproductivecloningbasicscience.” **geneticsandsociety.org.** 23 december 2010 <http://www.geneticsandsociety.org/article.php?id=281

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">**---** “somatic cell nuclear transfer.” Sciencedaily.com. 21 December 2010< [|__http://sciencedaily.com/articles/s/somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer.htm__]<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">.>

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Times-Roman,serif; font-size: 15pt; line-height: 0.31in; margin-bottom: 0in;">**Ceaira Meyer, Iuli Parzych, Anders Olsen, Casey Marvell, Ben Newcomb**